http://www.armadeus.org/wiki/index.php?title=Oops,_Linux_crashes
When KCOV (linux native) is enabled, the compiler inserts a callback into each basic block when building the kernel. In turn, the runtime part implements these callbacks to record the addresses of executed basic blocks. These addresses are then exposed via
/sys/kernel/debug/kcov. https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/dev-tools/kcov.html
https://blog.k3170makan.com/2020/11/linux-kernel-exploitation-0x0-debugging.html